Scale Factor: The scale factor changes the length of the magnetic field lines. A larger scale factor means longer lines, showing a more pronounced magnetic field.
Why the shape: The shape of the magnetic field lines is due to the Earth's magnetic field, which is generated by the movement of molten iron in the Earth's outer core.
Why the values vary: The magnetic field strength varies across the Earth due to the distribution of the Earth's magnetic core and external influences such as solar wind.
Data Source:
NOAA Solar Wind Magnetic Field Data (7-day)